grdinfo

Extract information from 2-D grids or 3-D cubes

Synopsis

gmt grdinfo ingrid [ -C[n|t] ] [ -D[xoff[/yoff]][+i] ] [ -E[x|y][+l|L|u|U] ] [ -F ] [ -G ] [ -I[dx[/dy]|b|i|o|r] ] [ -L[0|1|2|p|a] ] [ -M[c|f] ] [ -Rregion ] [ -T[dv][+a[alpha]][+s] ] [ -V[level] ] [ -fflags ] [ -hheaders ] [ -oflags ] [ --PAR=value ]

Note: No space is allowed between the option flag and the associated arguments.

Description

grdinfo reads a 2-D binary grid file and reports metadata and various statistics for the data (v) and coordinates (x,y) in a grid (or x,y,z for a 3-D cube). The output information may report the minimum/maximum values for v and the coordinates, where the min/max of v occur, the spatial increments, and the number of nodes in each dimension, and [optionally] the mean, standard deviation, and/or the median, median absolute deviation (MAD) of v, and/or the mode (Least Median of Squares; LMS), LMS scale of v, and number of nodes set to NaN. We also report if the grid is pixel- or gridline-registered and if it is a Cartesian or Geographic data set (based on metadata in the file). We can also report information for 3-D netCDF data cubes, but note that data cubes are not compatible with options -D, -E, -F, and -Ib.

Required Arguments

ingrid[=ID|?varname][+bband][+ddivisor][+ninvalid][+ooffset][+sscale]

Optionally, append =ID for reading a specific file format [Default is =nf] or ?varname for a specific netCDF variable [Default is the first 2-D grid found by GMT]. The following modifiers are supported:

  • +b - Select a band [Default is 0].

  • +d - Divide data values by the given divisor [Default is 1].

  • +n - Replace data values matching invalid with NaN.

  • +o - Offset data values by the given offset [Default is 0].

  • +s - Scale data values by the given scale [Default is 1].

Note: Any offset is added after any scaling.

Optional Arguments

-C[n|t]

Formats the report using tab-separated fields on a single line. The output is:

name w e s n {b t} v0 v1 dx dy {dz} nx ny {nz} [x0 y0 {z0} x1 y1 {z1}] [med scale] [mean std rms] [n_nan] registration gtype

The data in brackets are output only if the corresponding options -M (with no directive), -L1, and -L2 are used, respectively, while the data in braces only apply if used with 3-D data cubes. Use -Ct to place file name at the end of the output record or -Cn to only output numerical columns. The registration is either 0 (gridline) or 1 (pixel), while gtype is either 0 (Cartesian) or 1 (geographic). If the -I option is used, the output format is instead NF w e s n {b t} v0 v1, where NF is the total number of files read and w e s n {b t} are rounded off (see -I).

-D[xoff[/yoff]][+i]

Divide a single grid’s domain (or the -R domain, if no grid given) into tiles of size dx times dy (set via -I). You can specify overlap between tiles by appending xoff[/yoff]. If the single grid is given you may use the modifier +i to ignore tiles that have no data within each tile subregion. Default output is text region strings. Use -C to instead report four columns with xmin xmax ymin ymax per tile, or use -Ct to also have the region string appended as trailing text.

-E[x|y][+l|L|u|U]

Report the extreme values found on a per column (-Ex) or per row (-Ey) basis. By default, we look for the global maxima (+u|U) for each column. Append +l|L to look for minima instead. Upper case +L means we find the minimum of the positive values only, while upper case +U means we find the maximum of the negative values only [use all values]. We only allow one input grid when -E is selected.

-F

Report grid domain and x/y-increments in world mapping format [Default is generic]. Does not apply to the -C option.

-G

Force (possible) download of all tiles of tiled global remote grids in order to report the requested information [refuse to give the information for tiled grids].

-I[dx[/dy]|b|i|o|r]

Report the min/max of the region to the nearest multiple of dx and dy, and output this in the form -Rw/e/s/n (unless -C is set). To report the actual grid region, select -Ir for the format -Rw/e/s/n or -Io for the oblique format -Rw/s/e/n+r. For a grid produced by the img supplement (a Cartesian Mercator grid), the exact geographic region is given with -Ii (if not found then we return the actual grid region instead). If no argument is given then we report the grid increment in the form -Ixinc[/yinc]. If -Ib is given we write each grid’s bounding box polygon instead. Finally, if -D is in effect then dx and dy are the dimensions of the desired tiles.

-L[0|1|2|p|a]

Select various statistical reports of the grid values. Choose from these directives:

  • 0: Report range of v after actually scanning the data, not just reporting what the header says.

  • 1: Report median and L1 scale of v (L1 scale = 1.4826 * Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)).

  • 2: Report mean, standard deviation (L2 scale), and root-mean-square (rms) of v [Default].

  • p: Report mode (LMS) and LMS scale of v.

  • a: Report all of the above.

Note: If the grid is geographic then each node represents a physical area that decreases with increasing latitude. We therefore report spherically weighted statistical estimates for such grids.

-M[c|f]

Find and report the location of min/max v-values, and count and report the number of nodes set to NaN, if any [Default]. Use directive f to instead force an update of the v-value min/max by reading the matrix, or use c for conditionally doing so if the header information does not contain a valid v range.

-Rxmin/xmax/ymin/ymax[+r][+uunit]

Specify the region of interest. Using the -R option will select a subsection of the input grid(s). If this subsection exceeds the boundaries of the grid, only the common region will be extracted. For cubes you must also append limits in the z dimension. (See full description) (See technical reference).

-T[dv][+a[alpha]][+s]

Determine min and max data value. If dv is provided then we first round these values off to multiples of dv. To exclude the two tails of the distribution when determining the min and max you can add +a to set the combined alpha value (in percent [2]): We then sort the values, exclude the data in the 0.5*alpha and 100 - 0.5*alpha tails, and revise the min and max. Give alpha in the format alphaL/alphaR to select unequal tail areas. To force a symmetrical range about zero, using minus/plus the max absolute value of the two extremes, append +s. We report the result via the text string -Tvmin/vmax or -Tvmin/vmax/dv (if dv was given) as expected by makecpt.

-V[level]

Select verbosity level [w]. (See full description) (See technical reference).

-f[i|o]colinfo (more …)

Specify data types of input and/or output columns.

-h[i|o][n][+c][+d][+msegheader][+rremark][+ttitle] (more …)

Skip or produce header record(s).

-ocols[+l][+ddivisor][+sscale|d|k][+ooffset][,…][,t[word]] (more …)

Select output columns and transformations (0 is first column, t is trailing text, append word to write one word only).

-^ or just -

Print a short message about the syntax of the command, then exit (Note: on Windows just use -).

-+ or just +

Print an extensive usage (help) message, including the explanation of any module-specific option (but not the GMT common options), then exit.

-? or no arguments

Print a complete usage (help) message, including the explanation of all options, then exit.

--PAR=value

Temporarily override a GMT default setting; repeatable. See gmt.conf for parameters.

Examples

To obtain all the information about the remote data set in file earth_relief_10m:

gmt grdinfo -L1 -L2 -M @earth_relief_10m

Get the grid spacing in earth_relief_10m:

dx=`gmt grdinfo -Cn -o7 @earth_relief_10m`

To learn about the extreme values and coordinates in the 3-D data cube S362ANI_kmps.nc?vs:

gmt grdinfo -M S362ANI_kmps.nc?vs

Note: if you do a subset of a remote tiled file, e.g., earth_relief_01m, you must add -G so that any missing tiles are first downloaded:

gmt grdinfo @earth_relief_01m_p -R118/125/20/26 -G -C -M

See Also

gmt, grd2cpt, grd2xyz, grdedit, grdselect