.. index:: ! psmeca ****** psmeca ****** .. only:: not man psmeca - Plot focal mechanisms on maps Synopsis -------- .. include:: ../../common_SYN_OPTs.rst_ psmeca [ *table* ] |-J|\ *parameters* |SYN_OPT-R| [ |SYN_OPT-B| ] [ |-C|\ [*pen*\ ][\ **P**\ *pointsize*] ] [ |-D|\ *depmin*/*depmax* ] [ |-E|\ *fill*] [ |-F|\ *mode*\ [*args*] ] [ |-G|\ *fill*] [ |-K| ] [ |-L|\ [*pen*\ ] ] [ |-M| ] [ |-N| ] [ |-O| ] [ |-P| ] [ |-S|\ **\ [/**d**]] [ |-T|\ *num\_of\_plane*\ [*pen*\ ] ] [ |SYN_OPT-U| ] [ |SYN_OPT-V| ] [ |-W|\ *pen* ] [ |SYN_OPT-X| ] [ |SYN_OPT-Y| ] [ |-Z|\ *cpt*] [ |SYN_OPT-di| ] [ |SYN_OPT-e| ] [ |SYN_OPT-h| ] [ |SYN_OPT-i| ] [ |SYN_OPT-t| ] [ |SYN_OPT-:| ] |No-spaces| Description ----------- **psmeca** reads data values from *files* [or standard input] and generates PostScript code that will plot focal mechanisms on a map. Most options are the same as for :doc:`psxy `. The PostScript code is written to standard output. Required Arguments ------------------ .. |Add_intables| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: ../../explain_intables.rst_ .. _-J: .. |Add_-J| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: ../../explain_-J.rst_ .. _-R: .. |Add_-Rgeo| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: ../../explain_-Rgeo.rst_ .. _-S: **-S**\ **\ [/**d**] Selects the meaning of the columns in the data file . In order to use the same file to plot cross-sections, depth is in third column. Nevertheless, it is possible to use "old style" **psvelomeca** input files without depth in third column using the **-o** option. **-Sa**\ *scale[/fontsize[/offset*\ [**u**\ ]]] Focal mechanisms in Aki and Richards convention. *scale* adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball", which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 in inch (unless **c**, **i**, or **p** is appended). Use the **-T** option to render the beach ball transparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the circumference. The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the **-G** option. The color or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the **-E** option. Append **u** to have the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Parameters are expected to be in the following columns: **1**,\ **2**: longitude, latitude of event (**-:** option interchanges order) **3**: depth of event in kilometers **4**,\ **5**,\ **6**: strike, dip and rake in degrees **7**: magnitude **8**,\ **9**: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball. Entries in these columns are necessary with the **-C** option. Using 0,0 in columns 8 and 9 will plot the beach ball at the longitude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The **-:** option will interchange the order of columns (1,2) and (8,9). **10**: Text string to appear above or below the beach ball (optional). **-Sc**\ *scale[/fontsize[/offset*\ [**u**\ ]]] Focal mechanisms in Harvard CMT convention. *scale* adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball", which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is M0 = 4.0E23 dynes-cm) in inch (unless **c**, **i**, or **p** is appended). Use the **-T** option to render the beach ball transparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the circumference. The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the **-G** option. The color or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the **-E** option. Append **u** to have the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Parameters are expected to be in the following columns: **1**,\ **2**: longitude, latitude of event (**-:** option interchanges order) **3**: depth of event in kilometers **4**,\ **5**,\ **6**: strike, dip, and rake of plane 1 **7**,\ **8**,\ **9**: strike, dip, and rake of plane 2 **10**,\ **11**: mantissa and exponent of moment in dyne-cm **12**,\ **13**: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball. Entries in these columns are necessary with the **-C** option. Using (0,0) in columns 12 and 13 will plot the beach ball at the longitude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The **-:** option will interchange the order of columns (1,2) and (12,13). **14**: Text string to appear above or below the beach ball (optional). **-Sm\|d\|z**\ *scale[/fontsize[/offset*\ [**u**\ ]]] Seismic moment tensor (Harvard CMT, with zero trace). *scale* adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball", which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is scalar seismic moment = 4.0E23 dynes-cm) in inch (unless **c**, **i**, **m**, or **p** is appended). (**-T**\ *0* option overlays best double couple transparently.) Use **-Sm** to plot the Harvard CMT seismic moment tensor with zero trace. Use **-Sd** to plot only the double couple part of moment tensor. Use **-Sz** to plot the anisotropic part of moment tensor (zero trace). The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the **-G** option. The color or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the **-E** option. Append **u** to have the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Parameters are expected to be in the following columns: **1**,\ **2**: longitude, latitude of event (**-:** option interchanges order) **3**: depth of event in kilometers **4**,\ **5**,\ **6**,\ **7**,\ **8**,\ **9**: mrr, mtt, mff, mrt, mrf, mtf in 10\*exponent dynes-cm **10**: exponent **11**,\ **12**: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball. Entries in these columns are necessary with the **-C** option. Using (0,0) in columns 11 and 12 will plot the beach ball at the longitude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The **-:** option will interchange the order of columns (1,2) and (11,12). **13**: Text string to appear above or below the beach ball (optional). **-Sp**\ *scale[/fontsize[/offset*\ [**u**\ ]]] Focal mechanisms given with partial data on both planes. *scale* adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball", which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 in inch (unless **c**, **i**, or **p** is appended). The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the **-G** option. The color or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the **-E** option. Append **u** to have the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Parameters are expected to be in the following columns: **1**,\ **2**: longitude, latitude of event (**-:** option interchanges order) **3**: depth of event in kilometers **4**,\ **5**: strike, dip of plane 1 **6**: strike of plane 2 **7**: must be -1/+1 for a normal/inverse fault **8**: magnitude **9**,\ **10**: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball. Entries in these columns are necessary with the **-C** option. Using (0,0) in columns 9 and 10 will plot the beach ball at the longitude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The **-:** option will interchange the order of columns (1,2) and (9,10). **11**: Text string to appear above or below the beach ball (optional). **-Sx\|y\|t**\ *scale[/fontsize[/offset*\ [**u**\ ]]] Principal axis. *scale* adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball", which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is seismic scalar moment = 4\*10e+23 dynes-cm) in inch (unless **c**, **i**, or **p** is appended). (**-T**\ *0* option overlays best double couple transparently.) Use **-Sx** to plot standard Harvard CMT. Use **-Sy** to plot only the double couple part of moment tensor. Use **-St** to plot zero trace moment tensor. The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the **-G** option. The color or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the **-E** option. Append **u** to have the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Parameters are expected to be in the following columns: **1**,\ **2**: longitude, latitude of event (**-:** option interchanges order) **3**: depth of event in kilometers **4**,\ **5**,\ **6**,\ **7**,\ **8**,\ **9**,\ **10**,\ **11**,\ **12**: value (in 10\*exponent dynes-cm), azimuth, plunge of T, N, P axis. **13**: exponent **14**,\ **15**: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball. Entries in these columns are necessary with the **-C** option. Using (0,0) in columns 14 and 15 will plot the beach ball at the longitude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The **-:** option will interchange the order of columns (1,2) and (14,15). **16**: Text string to appear above or below the beach ball (optional). Optional Arguments ------------------ .. _-B: .. include:: ../../explain_-B.rst_ .. _-C: **-C**\ [*pen*\ ][\ **P**\ *pointsize*] Offsets focal mechanisms to the longitude, latitude specified in the last two columns of the input file before the (optional) text string. A small circle is plotted at the initial location and a line connects the beachball to the circle. Specify *pen* and/or *pointsize* to change the line style and/or size of the circle. [Defaults: *pen* as given by **-W**; *pointsize* 0]. .. _-D: **-D**\ *depmin/depmax* Plots events between depmin and depmax. .. _-E: **-E**\ *fill* Selects filling of extensive quadrants. Usually white. Set the color [Default is white]. .. _-F: **-F**\ *mode*\ [*args*] Sets one or more attributes; repeatable. The various combinations are **-Fa**\ [*size*\ ][/\ *P\_axis\_symbol*\ [*T\_axis\_symbol*\ ]] Computes and plots P and T axes with symbols. Optionally specify *size* and (separate) P and T axis symbols from the following: (**c**) circle, (**d**) diamond, (**h**) hexagon, (**i**) inverse triangle, (**p**) point, (**s**) square, (**t**) triangle, (**x**) cross. [Default: 6\ **p**/**cc**] **-Fe**\ *fill* Sets the color or fill pattern for the T axis symbol. [Default as set by **-E**] **-Fg**\ *fill* Sets the color or fill pattern for the P axis symbol. [Default as set by **-G**] **-Fo** Use the **psvelomeca** input format without depth in the third column. **-Fp**\ [*pen*\ ] Draws the P axis outline using default pen (see **-W**), or sets pen attributes. **-Fr**\ [*fill*\ ] Draw a box behind the label (if any). [Default fill is white] **-Ft**\ [*pen*\ ] Draws the T axis outline using default pen (see **-W**), or sets pen attributes. **-Fz**\ [*pen*\ ] Overlay zero trace moment tensor using default pen (see **-W**), or sets pen attributes. .. _-G: **-G**\ *fill* Selects filling of focal mechanisms. By convention, the compressional quadrants of the focal mechanism beach balls are shaded. Set the color [Default is black]. .. _-K: .. include:: ../../explain_-K.rst_ .. _-L: **-L**\ *pen* Draws the "beach ball" outline with *pen* attributes instead of with the default pen set by **-W**. .. _-M: **-M** Use the same size for any magnitude. Size is given with **-S**. .. _-N: **-N** Does **not** skip symbols that fall outside frame boundary specified by **-R** [Default plots symbols inside frame only]. .. _-O: .. include:: ../../explain_-O.rst_ .. _-P: .. include:: ../../explain_-P.rst_ .. _-T: **-T**\ [*num\_of\_planes*\ ][\ **/**\ *pen*] Plots the nodal planes and outlines the bubble which is transparent. If *num\_of\_planes* is *0*: both nodal planes are plotted; *1*: only the first nodal plane is plotted; *2*: only the second nodal plane is plotted. Append **/**\ *pen* to set the pen attributes for this feature. Default pen is as set by **-W**. .. _-U: .. include:: ../../explain_-U.rst_ .. _-V: .. |Add_-V| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: ../../explain_-V.rst_ .. _-W: **-W**\ *pen* Set pen attributes for all lines and the outline of symbols [Defaults: width = default, color = black, style = solid]. This setting applies to **-C**, **-L**, **-T**, **-p**, **-t**, and **-Fz**, unless overruled by options to those arguments. .. _-X: .. include:: ../../explain_-XY.rst_ .. _-Z: **-Z**\ *cpt* Give a CPT and let compressive part color be determined by the z-value in the third column. .. |Add_-di| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: ../../explain_-di.rst_ .. |Add_-e| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: ../../explain_-e.rst_ .. |Add_-h| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: ../../explain_-h.rst_ .. include:: ../../explain_-icols.rst_ .. include:: ../../explain_-t.rst_ .. include:: ../../explain_colon.rst_ .. include:: ../../explain_help.rst_ Examples -------- The following file should give a normal-faulting CMT mechanism: :: gmt psmeca -R239/240/34/35.2 -Jm4c -Sc0.4 -h1 << END > test.ps lon lat depth str dip slip st dip slip mant exp plon plat 239.384 34.556 12. 180 18 -88 0 72 -90 5.5 0 0 0 END See Also -------- :doc:`pspolar`, :doc:`psvelo`, :doc:`pscoupe`, :doc:`gmt `, :doc:`psbasemap `, :doc:`psxy ` References ---------- Bomford, G., Geodesy, 4th ed., Oxford University Press, 1980. Aki, K. and P. Richards, Quantitative Seismology, Freeman, 1980. F. A. Dahlen and Jeroen Tromp, Theoretical Seismology, Princeton, 1998, p.167. Cliff Frohlich, Cliff's Nodes Concerning Plotting Nodal Lines for P, Sh and Sv Seismological Research Letters, Volume 67, Number 1, January-February, 1996 Thorne Lay, Terry C. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology, Academic Press, 1995, p.384. W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes in C, Cambridge University press (routine jacobi) Authors ------- Genevieve Patau, `Laboratory of Seismogenesis `, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Departement de Sismologie, Paris, France