.. index:: ! gmtspatial ********** gmtspatial ********** .. only:: not man gmtspatial - Geospatial operations on lines and polygons Synopsis -------- .. include:: common_SYN_OPTs.rst_ **gmtspatial** [ *table* ] [ |-A|\ [**a**\ *min_dist*][*unit*]] [ |-C| ] [ |-D|\ [**+f**\ *file*][\ **+a**\ *amax*][\ **+d**\ *dmax*][\ **+c\|C**\ *cmax*][\ **+s**\ *fact*] ] [ |-E|\ **+**\ \|\ **-** ] [ |-F|\ [**l**] ] [ |-I|\ [**e**\ \|\ **i**] ] [ |-N|\ *pfile*\ [**+a**][\ **+p**\ *start*][**+r**][**+z**] ] [ |-Q|\ [[**-**\ \|\ **+**\ ]\ *unit*\ ][**+c**\ *min*\ [/*max*]][**+h**\ ][**+l**\ ][**+p**\ ][**+s**\ [**a**\ \|\ **d**]] ] [ |SYN_OPT-R| ] [ |-S|\ **i**\ \|\ **u**\ \|\ **s**\ \|\ **j** ] [ |-T|\ [*clippolygon*] ] [ |SYN_OPT-V| ] [ |SYN_OPT-b| ] [ |SYN_OPT-d| ] [ |SYN_OPT-e| ] [ |SYN_OPT-f| ] [ |SYN_OPT-g| ] [ |SYN_OPT-h| ] [ |SYN_OPT-i| ] [ |SYN_OPT-o| ] [ |SYN_OPT-:| ] |No-spaces| Description ----------- **gmtspatial** reads one or more data files (which may be multisegment files) that contains closed polygons and operates of these polygons in the specified way. Operations include area calculation, handedness reversals, and polygon intersections. Required Arguments ------------------ None. Optional Arguments ------------------ .. |Add_intables| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: explain_intables.rst_ .. _-A: **-A**\ [**a**\ *min_dist*][*unit*] Perform spatial nearest neighbor (NN) analysis: Determine the nearest neighbor of each point and report the NN distances and the point IDs involved in each pair (IDs are the input record numbers starting at 0). Use **-Aa** to decimate a data set so that no NN distance is lower than the threshold *min_dist*. In this case we write out the (possibly averaged) coordinates and the updated NN distances and point IDs. A negative point number means the original point was replaced by a weighted average (the absolute ID value gives the ID of the first original point ID to be included in the average.). Note: The input data are assumed to contain (*lon, lat*) or (*x, y*), optionally followed by a *z* and a *weight* [1] column. We compute a weighted average of the location and *z* (if present). .. _-C: **-C** Clips polygons to the map region, including map boundary to the polygon as needed. The result is a closed polygon (see **-T** for truncation instead). Requires **-R**. .. _-D: **-D**\ [**+f**\ *file*][\ **+a**\ *amax*][\ **+d**\ *dmax*][\ **+c\|C**\ *cmax*][\ **+s**\ *fact*] Check for duplicates among the input lines or polygons, or, if *file* is given via **+f**, check if the input features already exist among the features in *file*. We consider the cases of exact (same number and coordinates) and approximate matches (average distance between nearest points of two features is less than a threshold). We also consider that some features may have been reversed. Features are considered approximate matches if their minimum distance is less than *dmax* [0] (see UNITS) and their closeness (defined as the ratio between the average distance between the features divided by their average length) is less than *cmax* [0.01]. For each duplicate found, the output record begins with the single letter Y (exact match) or ~ (approximate match). If the two matching segments differ in length by more than a factor of 2 then we consider the duplicate to be either a subset (-) or a superset (+). Finally, we also note if two lines are the result of splitting a continuous line across the Dateline (|). For polygons we also consider the fractional difference in areas; duplicates must differ by less than *amax* [0.01]. By default, we compute the mean line separation. Use **+C**\ *cmin* to instead compute the median line separation and therefore a robust closeness value. Also by default we consider all distances between points on one line and another. Append **+p** to limit the comparison to points that project perpendicularly to points on the other line (and not its extension). .. _-E: **-E**\ **+**\ \|\ **-** ] Reset the handedness of all polygons to match the given **+** (counter-clockwise) or **-** (clockwise). Implies **-Q+**. .. _-F: **-F**\ [**l**] Force input data to become polygons on output, i.e., close them explicitly if not already closed. Optionally, append **l** to force line geometry. .. _-I: **-I**\ [**e**\ \|\ **i**] Determine the intersection locations between all pairs of polygons. Append **i** to only compute internal (i.e., self-intersecting polygons) crossovers or **e** to only compute external (i.e., between paris of polygons) crossovers [Default is both]. .. _-N: **-N**\ *pfile*\ [**+a**][\ **+p**\ *start*][**+r**][**+z**] Determine if one (or all, with **+a**) points of each feature in the input data are inside any of the polygons given in the *pfile*. If inside, then report which polygon it is; the polygon ID is either taken from the aspatial value assigned to Z, the segment header (first **-Z**, then **-L** are scanned), or it is assigned the running number that is initialized to *start* [0]. By default the input segment that are found to be inside a polygon are written to stdout with the polygon ID encoded in the segment header as **-Z**\ *ID*. Alternatively, append **+r** to just report which polygon contains a feature or **+z** to have the IDs added as an extra data column on output. Segments that fail to be inside a polygon are not written out. If more than one polygon contains the same segment we skip the second (and further) scenario. .. _-Q: **-Q**\ [[**-**\ \|\ **+**\ ]\ *unit*\ ][**+c**\ *min*\ [/*max*]][**+h**\ ][**+l**\ ][**+p**\ ][**+s**\ [**a**\ \|\ **d**]] Measure the area of all polygons or length of line segments. Use **-Q+h** to append the area to each polygons segment header [Default simply writes the area to stdout]. For polygons we also compute the centroid location while for line data we compute the mid-point (half-length) position. Append a distance unit to select the unit used (see UNITS). Note that the area will depend on the current setting of :ref:`PROJ_ELLIPSOID `; this should be a recent ellipsoid to get accurate results. The centroid is computed using the mean of the 3-D Cartesian vectors making up the polygon vertices, while the area is obtained via an equal-area projection. For line lengths you may prepend **-**\ \|\ **+** to the unit and the calculation will use Flat Earth or Geodesic algorithms, respectively [Default is great circle distances]. Normally, all input segments will be be reflected on output. Use **c** to restrict processing to those whose length (or area for polygons) fall inside the specified range set by *min* and *max*. If *max* is not set it defaults to infinity. To sort the segments based on their lengths or area, use **s** and append **a** for ascending and **d** for descending order [ascending]. By default, we consider open polygons as lines. Append **+p** to close open polygons and thus consider all input as polygons, or append **+l** to consider all input as lines, even if closed. .. _-R: .. |Add_-Rgeo| replace:: Clips polygons to the map region, including map boundary to the polygon as needed. The result is a closed polygon. .. include:: explain_-Rgeo.rst_ .. _-S: **-S**\ **i**\ \|\ **j**\ \|\ **s**\ \|\ **u** Spatial processing of polygons. Choose from **-Si** which returns the intersection of polygons (closed), **-Su** which returns the union of polygons (closed), **-Ss** which will split polygons that straddle the Dateline, and **-Sj** which will join polygons that were split by the Dateline. Note: Only **-Ss** has been implemented. .. _-T: **-T**\ [*clippolygon*] Truncate polygons against the specified polygon given, possibly resulting in open polygons. If no argument is given to **-T** we create a clipping polygon from **-R** which then is required. Note that when the **-R** clipping is in effect we will also look for polygons of length 4 or 5 that exactly match the **-R** clipping polygon. .. _-V: .. |Add_-V| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: explain_-V.rst_ .. |Add_-bi| replace:: [Default is 2 input columns]. .. include:: explain_-bi.rst_ .. |Add_-bo| replace:: [Default is same as input]. .. include:: explain_-bo.rst_ .. |Add_-d| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: explain_-d.rst_ .. |Add_-e| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: explain_-e.rst_ .. |Add_-f| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: explain_-f.rst_ .. |Add_-g| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: explain_-g.rst_ .. |Add_-h| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code .. include:: explain_-h.rst_ .. include:: explain_-icols.rst_ .. include:: explain_-ocols.rst_ .. include:: explain_colon.rst_ .. include:: explain_help.rst_ .. include:: explain_distunits.rst_ .. include:: explain_precision.rst_ Example ------- To turn all lines in the multisegment file lines.txt into closed polygons, run :: gmt spatial lines.txt -F > polygons.txt To compute the area of all geographic polygons in the multisegment file polygons.txt, run :: gmt spatial polygons.txt -Q > areas.txt Same data, but now orient all polygons to go counter-clockwise and write their areas to the segment headers, run :: gmt spatial polygons.txt -Q+h -E+ > areas.txt To determine the areas of all the polygon segments in the file janmayen_land_full.txt, add this information to the segment headers, sort the segments from largest to smallest in area but only keep polygons with area larger than 1000 sq. meters, run :: gmt spatial -Qe+h+p+c1000+sd -V janmayen_land_full.txt > largest_pols.txt To determine the intersections between the polygons A.txt and B.txt, run :: gmt spatial A.txt B.txt -Ie > crossovers.txt To truncate polygons A.txt against polygon B.txt, resulting in an open line segment, run :: gmt gmtspatial A.txt -TB.txt > line.txt Notes ----- OGR/GMT files are considered complete datasets and thus you cannot specify more than one at a given time. This causes problems if you want to examine the intersections of two OGR/GMT files. The solution is to convert them to regular datasets via :doc:`gmtconvert` and then run **gmtspatial** on the converted files. See Also -------- :doc:`gmt`, :doc:`gmtconvert`, :doc:`gmtselect`, :doc:`gmtsimplify`